N/A

Alum

Alum;

Alum Flour;

Alum Meal;

Alumen;

Aluminium Sulphate;

Alumstone;

Baking Powder;

Cube Alum;

Kalinite;

Kalunite (natural);

Potash Alum;

Potassium Alum,

Soda Alum,

Tawas;

N/A

Aluminum Potassium Sulphate (Ref: CAMEO Database at Boston Fine arts);

Alum (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO);

Hydrated potassium aluminium sulfate (Ref wikipedia);
Aluminium sulphate

Anhydrous:
CAS 10043-67-1
Dodecahydrate:
CAS 7784-24-9

White powder

4

N/A

-

A
MSDS

Used as a mordant, filler and base for lake pigments. It's use as a base for lakes has been largely replaced by Aluminum Hydroxide (PW24) in modern paints and lake pigments.

Also used as Adulterant, filler and extender;

Almost completely transparent in oil paint;

Aluminum Hydrate PW24 may be a better choice for the above uses.;

Used as mordant in dyeing

N/A

Aluminum Stearate

Alumina Stearate [KA.p];

Aluminum Stearate;

Aluminum octadecanoate;

Aluminum tristearate;
aluminum salt;

Aluminium tristearate

N/A

Metallic Soap; The salt of aluminum hydroxide and stearic acid; Dihydroxy(octanoato-O)aluminum;
Aluminum Stearate (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO);

CAS 637-12-7

White powder

N/A

N/A

-

A

Used as filler and adulterant in artist paints;

Used to stabilize tubed oil paints and provide a "buttery" consistency.;

Only use smallest amount possible to get the desired effect. Often bee's wax is recommended as a stabilizer for studio use, instead of Aluminum Stearate.

N/A

Asbestine

Agalite;

Asbestin;

Asbestine;

Asbestine Powder;

Beaver White 200;

Cosmetic Talc;

French Chalk;

Magnesium Silicate Talc;

Linum Vivum;

Snowgoose;

Talc?

N/A

Natural Magnesium Silicate with a short fibrous structure;

CAS 14807-96-6

Bright White to blue grey

1

I

28-33

B*

Used for Anti settling, filler and stabilizer (Ref);

Used in paper manufacture;

* Wear a NIOSH certified respirator whenever working with this pigment in dry form. Prolonged inhalation, can cause a variety of asbestosis.

N/A

Attapulgite

Attapulgite [KP.p];

Clay Mineral;

Attapulgite;

Kaopectate;

Palygorskite

N/A

Colloidal magnesium-aluminium-hydro silicate; hydrated magnesium aluminium silicate;
CAS 12174-11-7
CAS 71396-54-8
CAS 8031-18-3

Cream White

-

-

-

A

Viscosity building, gelling, thickening, protective colloid, suspending agent, adsorbent, bonding agent;

Used as thickener in oils

N/A

Bleached Bee's Wax

Bleached Bee's Wax;

Bee's Wax;

Wax

N/A

Bleached wax from Bee honey combs

Translucent off-white

3-4

I

N/A

A

Used as a stabilizer in oil paints;

Used to give "buttery" quality to oil paints;

Used in mediums for oil paints;

Used as a binder in encaustic painting;
oil pastels and crayons;

Used as a varnish

N/A

Bentonite

Calcium bentonite;

Cat liter;

Fuller`s Earth;

Montmorillonite clay;

Sodium bentonite;

N/A

Hydrous Aluminium Silicate, a swelling clay consisting mostly of Montmorillonite; Calcium bentonite

CAS 1302-78-9

Off white to yellowish

4

N/A

N/A

A
MSDS

Absorbs several times its dry mass in water; Used as thickener in oils

N/A

Bone Ash

Bone Ash;

Hartshorn (deer antlers)

N/A

Calcined animal bones; Tricalcium phosphate with traces of calcium carbonate

Slightly greyish to brownish off white

2

I

-

A
MSDS

White pigment; Thickening extender in lime paints

N/A

Borax

Borax [EP.p];

Sodium Borate;

Twenty-Mule-Team Borax

N/A

sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, salts of boric acid.; (wikipedia Ref)
sodium tetraborate decahydrate

CAS 1303-96-4

white or off white

N/A

N/A

N/A

A
MSDS
ICSC

used in casein paints;
Ingredient in enamel glazes

N/A

Carnauba Wax

Carnauba;

Copernicia Cerifera Wax

N/A

Derived from the leaves of the Carnauba palm: Copernicia Prunifera

Off white

3-4

N/A

N/A

A

Used as varnish and as stabilizer. Harder that bees wax. Higher melting point.

N/A

Calcium Hydroxide

Bianco di San Giovanni [NP.p];

Builders Lime;

Cal;

Calcium Hydroxide;

Hydrated Lime;

Lime white;

Pickling Lime;

Portlandite;

Slack Lime;

Slaked Lime

N/A

Calcium Hydroxide (Ref wikipedia);

-

-

-

-

A
MSDS

Used in making gesso, used in fresco, and to add "tooth" to paints.

N/A

Casein

Casein;

Ultra Casein Powder [EP.p];

N/A

Milk Protein

off white powder

N/A

N/A

N/A

A

Used in making Casein paints or "Milk Paints"

N/A

Cellulose Gum

Akucell;

Bermocoll;

Bermodol;

Cellulose Gum;

CELFLOW®;

Crystalline cellulose;

CMC;

GRINDSTED®;

N/A

Cellulose Gum;
Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC is an anionic water soluble polymer. It is manufactured by reacting insoluble cellulose with sodium hydroxide and chloroacetic acid during which the hydroxyl groups are etherified and converted into carboxymethyl groups. These polymers are characterized by the degree of substitution (DS) and degree of polymerization (DP). (Ref MSDS);
Cellulose gum is the generic name of highly purified carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), CMC is usually used to describe non-purified or lowly purified carboxymethyl cellulose. (Ref);

(Ref wikipedia);

white or off white powder or crystals

4

-

-

A
MSDS

Used as viscofiers and absorbents in food, food packaging, personal care products, cement, plaster, water-based paints, wallpaper, adhesives, detergents, etc. (Ref MSDS);

Used in watercolors and other water based paints as Thickening agent, Stabilizing agent, Water retaining agent, Dispersing agent, Binding agent, Protective colloid, Emulsion and foam stabilizer, and Film forming agent. (Ref);

N/A

Ceresine Wax

Ceresin;

Mineral Wax;

Ozokerite (crude

Ceresine);

N/A

Ceresine is the purified end product of Ozokerite; a natural mineral wax.

Translucent white

2-4

N/A

N/A

A

Used as varnish; Used in wax mediums and stabilizer.

N/A

Ceramic Microspheres

3M Ceramic Microspheres;

3M Hollow Ceramic Microspheres

N/A

Various products and pigment sizes; Solid Spheres or hollow spheres of Alkali Alumino Silicate Ceramic

White

2-3

I

28-46*

A

Filler;

reduces gloss; Improves hardness;

Adds abrasion resistance.;

*Various particles sizes available from 12 -40 microns. Oil absorption is less the larger the spheres.

N/A

Chlorite

Chlorite;

Chlorite Clinochlore;
Kaemmererite

N/A

Magnesium Silicate Hydroxide

Greenish to White; Natural forms can be green, white, yellow, red, lavender and black

4

-

35 - 45

A

Filler;

Barrier properties

N/A

Clove Oil

Oil of Cloves

N/A

The essential oil from the clove plant, Syzygium aromaticum

Clear Liquid Strong smell of cloves

4

N/A

N/A

A

A preservative and odorant in aquatic mediums, watercolor, tempera and gouache.;

A non-drying oil it is sometimes used in small amounts to slow the drying of oil paints, use very little or the oil paint will never dry.

N/A

Dextrin

Alpha Limit Dextrin;

Amylodextrin;

Aquaflake;

Arabix;

Avedex;

Beta Limit Dextrin;

British gum;

Canary Dextrin;

Cargill Yellow;

Cellotriose;

Cyclodextrin;

Dextrin;

Dextrin Powder;

Dextrin Powder (yellow);

Dextrine;

English Gum;

Fantastick Yellow Dextrin;

Fantastick White Dextrin;

Fibersol;

Maltodextrin;

Microcrystalline cellulose;

Modified Starch;

Potato Dextrin;

Sizing;

Starch;

Starch gum;

Tapioca Malto-Dextrin;

White Dextrin;

Yellow Dextrin;

N/A

"Dextrins are a group of low-molecular-weight carbohydrates produced by the hydrolysis of starch"-From Wikipedia (Ref)

CAS 94700-07-9
CAS 100041-56-3;
CAS 152232-07-0;
CAS 199015-70-8;
CAS 256933-14-9;
CAS 37265-05-7;
CAS 37265-06-8

White to yellowish powder; may come in liquid form

N/A

N/A

N/A

A

Used for sizing watercolor papers;

Used as watercolor binder;

Used as filler or to extend watercolors;

Used for acid free glues and mounting;

Improves Rheology of watercolor paints by thickening and smoothing paint adding a "buttery" quality.;

Used in making gouache;

Used in various textile and dying operations.

How to make dextrin from Corn Starch (Ref)

N/A

Diatomaceous Earth

Infusorial Earth

N/A

Fossilized remains of single cell algae

White powder

1

N/A

100 - 300

A

Often used to add "tooth" or texture

N/A

Dolomite

Dolomite

N/A

Carbonate of Calcium and magnesium

White Crystalline Powder

-

I

12 –14

A

-

N/A

Glass Microbeads

Ballotini;

Glass Beads [DS.pd];

Glass Microbeads;

Glass Nanobeads

N/A

Very Small to microscopic glass beads

Translucent white beads

4

N/A

L

A

Adds texture and reflective qualities.;

Used in road paint to make reflective.

N/A

Glass Powder

Powdered Glass;

Glass Powder

N/A

Powdered Glass

White powder

4

N/A

L

B

Glass containing lead, manganese or cobalt might act as driers in oil paint

N/A

Glycerin

Crude Glycerin;

Glycerin;

Glycerine;

Glycerine Oil;

Glycerol;

Ophthalgan;

Osmoglyn;

Pedia-Lax;

Pure Glycerin;

Vegetable Glycerine Oil

N/A

A Trihydroxy form of alcohol

Water clear thick liquid

N/A

N/A

N/A

A

Used as a plasticizer in water based paints: watercolors; gouache, tempera; and acrylics (not recommended for acrylics see Ref below),

Used as filler or to extend watercolors;

In watercolors it "reduces the native brittleness of the gum arabic and minimizes the cracking or chipping of dried paint"-Handprint.com (Ref);

Used to extend drying time in acrylic paints. May have problems when used for that purpose. about.com (Ref)

Used as moisturizer in handmade soaps;

Used as a water-soluble lubricant

N/A

Gum Arabic

Gum Arabic [EP.p];

N/A

Fine or coarse off white to brown powders or in raw form as pellets called "tears" (Ref); Also found in liquid solutions in transparent light brown in high grades to dark brown in lower grades.

N/A

N/A

N/A

A

MSDS

Used as a binder in artists watercolor paints.;

Used as filler or to extend watercolors;

Lots of great info on gum Arabic, paint binders and making watercolor artist paints at the awesome Handprint.com site.

N/A

Gum Tragacanth

Gum Tragacanth [EP.p];

N/A

gum from the Astragulus shrub

N/A

N/A

N/A

A
MSDS

Used in making pastels;

N/A

Magnesium Carbonate

Magnesium Carbonate [KA.p];

N/A

Magnesium Carbonate;
Magnesium carbonate, (MgCO3) (Ref wikipedia Magnesium carbonate and Magnesite),

White

N/A

N/A

N/A

A

-

N/A

Methyl Cellulose

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

A

Used as plasticizer in watercolor paints;

Used as a dispersant in watercolors;

Used as a binder in pastels;

Used to size watercolor papers

N/A

Nepheline Syenite

Minex*;

Nepheline Syenite

N/A

*Refined Natural Nepheline Syenite; Sodium-potassium alumina silicate

pale blue to colorless translucent

4

N/A

21 - 29

A

Filler; extender; inert;
helps with exterior durability

N/A

Laponite

Laponite RD

N/A

Hygroscopic; Aqueous sodium lithium magnesium silicate

White powder

4

N/A

N/A

A

Hygroscopic;

Thickener for water based paints: Acrylics, Tempera, Watercolor, Gouache, Lime, Fresco

N/A

Oil of Spike Lavender

Lavender Oil*;

Lavender Spike Oil;

Oil of spike;

Oil of Spike Lavender [LB.m];

Spike;

Spike Lavender;

Spike Lavender Oil [HO.o];

N/A

Oil extracted from the Spike lavender plant (Lavandula latifolia or L. spica)

Clear Liquid; strong smell of Lavender flowers

4

N/A

N/A

A**

Used as solvent and thinner in oils;

Small amounts can be added as a preservative and odorant in aquatic mediums, watercolor, tempera and gouache

* Two forms are distinguished, lavender flower oil, a colorless oil, insoluble in water, having a density of 0.885 g/mL that is not used in oil painting; and lavender spike oil, a distillate from the herb Lavandula latifolia, having density 0.905 g/mL. Lavender flower oil is a designation of the National Formulary and the British Pharmacopoeia.

The term "Lavender Oil" usually, and more correctly, refers the lavender flower oil, an essential oil obtained by distillation from the flower spikes of certain species of lavender. This type is not used in oil painting. (Ref:wikipedia; Lavender Oil);

**Flammable, keep away from ignition sources;

Concentrated vapors can be harmful or explosive, use only in well ventilated area;

Ingestion may cause injury or death.

N/A

Oxgall

Bacteriological Ox Bile;

Bovine Bile;

Aqua Oxgall [SCH];

Fel Bovinum;

Fiele Di Bue;

Ochsengalle [SCH];

Oxbile;

Ox gall;

Oxgall;

Oxgall Liquid [DS | WN];

Ox Gall Medium [HO | MA];

N/A

Gall, usually obtained from cows and mixed with alcohol;

"Bile is composed of fatty acids, bile acids, inorganic salts, sulfates, bile pigments, cholesterol, mucin, lecithin, glycuronicacids, porphyrins, and urea"; "The major composition of Oxbile is taurocholic and glycocholic acids"-USBiological (Ref)

Clear to slightly brownish or greenish liquid or hygroscopic powder;
CAS 8008-63-7

4

N/A

N/A

A

Used as a wetting agent and increase paint flow in acrylic paints, watercolors and gouache.;

May help prevent the crawling of ceramic glazes (Ref).

N/A

Phenol

Butylated hydroxy toluene;

Carbolic acid [GEN];

Coal tar phenol;
Dowicide A;

Isopropyl phenol;

Ortho-phenylphenol;

Phenol [GEN];

Phenylphenol [GEN];

Sodium Orthophenylphenate; Many other chemicals of the phenol group and also may be found in many general preservatives, wood preservatives and pharmaceuticals

N/A

Originally made from coal tar.:
Phenols are a class of organic compounds that contains a six-membered aromatic ring, bonded directly to a hydroxyl group-Wikipedia Ref.;

Sodium Orthophenylphenate;
Biphenylol sodium salt;
O-phenylphenol;
CAS 108-95-2;
CAS 90-43-7;
CAS 132-27-4

Crystals, Powder or flakes;
Usually sold as a pre diluted liquid solution.

N/A

N/A

N/A

B - D*

Antimicrobial, antiseptic, disinfectant, fungicide, pesticide;

The main artist use is as a preservative for paints;
When used as a preservative in watercolors, artist paints and coatings.
Suggested Concentration: 0.05-1.0% by wt;

Other interesting uses:
Mainly used as a precursor to plastic production;
Used as oral analgesics (ie, Chloraseptic, Carmex);
Used for embalming;
Used for execution in nazi death camps- Wikipedia Ref.;

* Fairly safe in pre diluted solutions and the small amounts used in artist paints, but the pure chemical is highly toxic. Phenol MSDS sheet.

Dowicide A - MSDS sheet

N/A

Polyethylene Glycol

Anti-Freeze;
Ethylene glycol
Polyethylene Glycol;

Poly Glycol Ether;
Propylene

N/A

Polyethylene Glycol

-

N/A

N/A

N/A

B

Used to slow drying time of acrylic paints;

Used as Anti-freeze

Used as binder in watercolors;

N/A

Propynyl Butyl Carbamate

Biodocarb [KP];

Carbamic Acid;

Coatcide;

Fungitrol;

Guardsan;

Glycacil;

Iodocarb;

Preventol;

Propynyl Butyl

Carbamate;

Thompson's Wood Protector;

Troysan Polyphase; May be found in many preservatives, wood preservatives and pharmaceuticals

N/A

Propynyl Butyl Carbamate;
CAS 55406-53-6

Off white powder

N/A

N/A

N/A

C

Antimicrobial, antiseptic, disinfectant, fungicide, pesticide;

The main artist use is as a preservative for paints and textiles;
When used as a preservative in watercolors, artist paints and coatings.
Suggested to use 0.5%, relative to solids content - Kremer Pigments Ref, MSDS Sheet

N/A

Pumice

Pumice [NP.p];

N/A

Volcanic Rock

Gray white

1

I

45

A

Mostly used to add "tooth" or texture

N/A

Sepiolith

Sepiolith

N/A

Hydrous magnesium silicate

White powder

4

N/A

N/A

A

Anti-settling agent and thickener for water based paints: Acrylics, Tempera, Watercolor, Gouache

Albite;

Aluminosilicic acid, sodium salt;

Aluminum Silicate;

Aluminium Sodium Salt;

Aluminum Sodium Silicate [SCH.p];

Fixwool;

Jadeite;

SODASIL®;

Sasil;

Sodium Aluminium Silicate;

Sodium Aluminosilicate;

Sodium Silicoaluminate;

Sodium Silico Aluminate;

Synthetic Zeolite;

Zeolite

Sodium Aluminium Silicate;

Manufactured by the precipitation of sodium silicate solution with aluminum sulphate.

Not a specific compound but a group of related compounds consisting of sodium, aluminum, Silicate and oxygen;

Used in foods as anti caking agent;(Ref: wikipedia);

Used in water based / acrylic emulsion paints, internal and external applications. Also it is a Defoaming agent , matting / Flattening agent, Thickening and Thixotropic agent, Free flow / anti-caking agent in powder coatings. (Ref: Madhu Silica - PDF);

Used as a filler (extender) and as a white pigment in paints, printing inks and paper, where it acts as a partial substitute for titanium dioxide. (Ref: SODASIL® P95, IQE);

chemically inert, non-toxic

CAS 1344-00-9

N/A

Sugars

Corn Syrup;

Dextrose;

Honey;

Glucose;

Sugar;

Sugar Syrup;

Sweet tasting carbohydrates

N/A

N/A

N/A

A

Used as a binder in watercolors;

Hygroscopic: used as a humectant (retains water) in watercolor paints. Handprint (Ref);

If too much is used, watercolors may be sticky after drying and reabsorb moisture.:
"Used in excess, the sugars will also attract insects or mold"-Handprint (Ref);

N/A

Tixogel

Tixogel

N/A

Chemically changed Bentonite

White to yellowish brown

4

N/A

N/A

A

Thickener and stabilizer for oil paints

White Pigments used as Additives:

The White Pigments below are included/duplicated in this section because they are often used as fillers, brighteners, extenders and as base for precipitating lake pigments.

PW4

Zinc Oxide White

Blanc de Zinc [LB.o];

Chinese White [AS | DS.w | LK | MA.w.w | RT.w | WN.w.w];

C.I. Pigment White 4;

French White;

Hubbocks White;

Mixing White [WN.a];

Neo-Zinc White [HO];

Permanent Chinese White [MR.o | SCH.w];

Permanent White;

Pigment White 4;

Sinopia Zinc White, transparent [SI.p];

Silver White;

Snow Flowers;

Snow White;

Tint White [SE.a];

Transparent Mixing White [LQ.a];

Transparent Mixing White (Zinc White) [LQ.a];

Zinc Buff Yellowish* [WL.o.p];

Zinc Flowers;

Zinc Oxide [GEN | KA | NP.p];

Zinc Mixing White [TA.a];

Zinc White [GEN | BX.o.w | CAS.k | CH | DR | DS.ad.o.p | DV.k.o | GB.o | GO.a.ab.af.ag.ao | GR.o.o.wo | GU | HO.o | KA..o.p | KP.p | LB.o | LK | MA.a.g.o.o(artis).p | MG.a.g.o | MH.o | MR.o | MW.o | OH.a.o | PF.o | RGH.o.p | RT.o | SCH.a.g.o, SCHM.o | SE.t | SV | UT.o | WL.o.p | WN.o.w];

Zinc White Oxide [GB.p];

Zink White [SCH]

77947

Inorganic;

Zinc Oxide;

Making pigments: How to make Zinc White at webexhibits.org;

CAS 1314-13-2,

CAS 91315-44-5

Translucent white;

*Zinc Buff Yellowish light pale yellow † Lightens slightly, becomes brittle

2

I

10-22

A

MSDS

ICSC

Often Titanium White is mixed with Zinc White in artist's oil paints. Titanium White is said to be soft and "spongy" and Zinc White is said to be hard and "brittle". Together they supposedly cancel out each others cons.;

New studies suggest zinc white may lead to premature cracking in oil colors (Ref),

The studies may or may not pertain to mixtures with Titanium White in artist paints.

PW5

Lithopone

Albanol;

Beckton White;

Blanc de Titane [LB.o];

Cariton white;

Charlton white;

C.I. Pigment White 5;

Diamond White;

English White;

Graves White;

Griffith's White;

Griffith's Patent Zinc White;

Jersey Lily White;

Knight's White;

Lithopone [GEN | KA.p | KP.p | SCH];

Lithopone Silver;

Lithopone White [SE];

Marbon White;

Mixing White [SCH];

Navin's White;

Oleum white;

Opaque White [LK];

Orr's White;

Orr's Zinc White;

Pigment White 5;

Ponolith;

Ross' white;

Snow White;

Structure White;

Sulphogen White;

Transparent White [LA.a];

White;

White smalt;

Zinc Baryta White;

Zinc Mixing White [DR];

Zinc Sulfide [MA.p];

Zinc White [DR | HO.a | WN.g]

77115

Inorganic;

"an insoluble mixture of barium sulfate and zinc sulfide that precipitates upon mixing solutions of barium sulfide and zinc sulfate. The precipitate is recovered by filtration, then calcined" (britannica.com Ref);

"Complex co-precipitate, but not a compound, of calcium sulfate and zinc sulfide" (Ref Color index 3rd Ed., V.4, Inorganic colorants CI 77115);

Barium sulfate (28 - 30%) and zinc sulfide (68 - 70%) with trace amounts of zinc oxide;

CAS 1345-05-7

White

1-2

I

14

A

Sometimes used as a base for Lake pigments.;

Added to artist, and so-called "designer" or "Illustrator" gouache paints to make a pigment more opaque and to lighten the hue, this is often not indicated on the art supply manufacturer's labels.;

Often used as a extender in cheap white paints.;

Used as a white pigment or adulterant in artist paints, student grade paints and many light colored artist convenience mixes especially in economy priced paints.

PW6

Titanium White

Aeroweiss DS [SCH];

Anatase;

Antique White [HO.w];

Buff Titanium [BA.o | CAS.k ];

China white [PF.w];

Chinese White [HO.ag.w | MG.w];

Chalk White;

C.I. Pigment White 6;

Double White [MA.o(HD)];

Fast Drying Titanium White [CR.o];

Flake White Hue [DV.k];

Heavy Body White [SCH.a];

Inorganic Oxide White;

Kronos Titanium Dioxide;

Mixing White [WN.a];

Inorganic Synthetic Opaque White;

Opaque White [LK | SCH];

Permanent White [HO.g.wo | UT.w | WN.g];

Permanent White EX [HO.o];

Permanent White SF [HO.o];

Pigment White 6;

Primary White [HO.g];

Quick-Dry White [HO.o];

Quick Drying White [HO.o];

Radiant White [GB.o];

Santorini White [MA.o(Med)];

Sinopia Titanium White Rutile [SI.p];

Super White [MA.o(artis)];

Tinting White [CR.a.o];

Titanium Buff [GO.a.ab.af.ag.ao | GU];

Titanium Dioxide [NP.p];

Titanium Dioxide White;

Titanium Opaque White [SCH.w];

Titanium White* [GEN | AS | BA.a | BX.o.w | CAS.k | CH | CL | CR.a.o | DR | DS.ad.o.pd.w | DV.af.k.w | EP.p | GO.a.ab.af.ag.ao | GU | HO.a.ag.o.w.wo | JO.a | KA.ad.o.p | LA.a | LB.o | LK | LQ.a | MA.a.a.o.p | MG.a.w | MR.o | MT | OH.a.o | PF.o.o.w | RGH.o.p | RT.a.a.wo | SCH.a.g | SE.a.t | SQ.a | TA.a | UT.a | WL.o.p | WN.a.a.k.w];

Titanium White Dioxide [GB.p];

Titanium White Extra Opaque [OH.a];

Titanium White No. 1 [MH.o];

Titanium White No. 3 (with driers) [MH.o];

Titanium White (opaque) [HO];

Titanium White (Opaque White) [WN];

Titanium White Rutile [KP.p];

Titanox;

Translucent White [SCH.o];

Transparent Titanium White [RT.w];

Unbleached Titanium [RGH.o.p | SQ.a | TA.a | WL.o.p];

Warm White [SQ.a | TA.a];

White [AS | DR | HO | LA.a | MA | SE];

White Permanent [MW.wo];

White (Titanium) [DV];

XSL Titanium White;

Zinc White Imitation [PF.o];

77891

Inorganic;

Titanium Dioxide (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO);

Anatase (natural Mineral) (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO);

Titanium (IV) Oxide Anatase;

Titanium (IV) Oxide Rutile;

Titanium (IV) Oxide Brookite

LBNLPigment Database Spectral radiative properties;

Inorganic Oxide White;

Titanium Dioxide White;

Titanium White (i);

Titanium White (ii);

Making pigments: Titanium White at webexhibits.org;

CAS 13463-67-7

Purest White

1

I

18-30

A

MSDS

MSDS

* Often Titanium White is mixed with Zinc White in artist's oil paints. Titanium White is said to be soft and "spongy" and Zinc White is said to be hard and "brittle". Together they supposedly cancel out each others cons. This Pigment Database only has artist paints or pigments that are single pigment and not mixed.

The term Titanium White has been used for almost any white pigment containing titanium, according to M. Laver in her chapter on Titanium White, in the book Artists' Pigments: A Handbook of Their History & Characteristics, Vol 3, 1997.

Some other pigments associated with the name Titanium White are Barium titanate, Lead Titanate, Potassium Titanate, Titanated lithopone, Titanium lithopone, Titanium phthalate, Titanium silicate and Zinc titanate.

PW7

Zinc Sulphide White

Chinese White;

C.I. Pigment White 7;

Matting;

Opaque White [SCH.o];

Pigment White 7;

Sphalerite;

Wurtzite;

Zinc blende;

Zinc Buff [WL.o];

Zinc sulfide [KP.p; MA.p];

Zinc Sulphide White;

Zinc White[RT.a.a | WL.o];

77995

77975

Inorganic;

Zinc Sulphide White;

CAS 1314-98-3

White to yellowish

1-2*

I

11-13

A**

Phosphorescent and electroluminescent properties, often used to make fluorescent and glow-in-the-dark paints;

"It is often used for "invisible ink" that glows with exposure to ultraviolet light."-Blick Art Materials site reference;

*Transparency increases the smaller the particles;

**may have traces of lead

PW14

Bismuth Oxychloride

Bismuth White;

Bi-Flair;

Biluna Bismuth Oxy;

Blanc d'Espagne;

Blanc de Perle;

Chloride Crystals;

C.I. Pigment White 14;

Liquid Mirror [TA.a];

Magistery of Bismuth;

Pigment White 14

77163

Bismuth Chloride Oxide; Bismuth Oxychloride;

CAS 7787-59-9

Silvery white with pearlescent or iridescence properties

-

-

L

A*

Used to add pearlescent and iridescence to paints;

Often used in cosmetics to produce pearlescent shine; Often used to add metallic or pearlescent properties to paints.;

*Can cause allergies and other claimed skin problems when used as cosmetic

PW15

Tin Oxide

Cassiterite;

C.I. Pigment White 15;

Flowers of Tin;

Flowersoftin;

Mesa;

Pigment White 15;

Stannic Anhydride;

Stannic Oxide;

Stannous Oxide;

Tin Dioxide;

Tin Mono Oxide

Tin Oxide;

White Tin Oxide

77861

Tin Oxide;

Tin(IV) Oxide;

Tin Monoxide;

Tin III Oxide;

Tin Dioxide;

Tin(II) oxide / Stannous oxide= SnO

Tin(IV) oxide / Tin dioxide / Stannic oxide= SnO2

CAS # 21651-19-4 = (stannous oxide);
CAS # 18282-10-5 = (stannic oxide), tin protoxide

Tin Peroxide (Chemical references)

Cassiterite (natural tin oxide ore) -mindat.org (Ref);

white to gray with slight pearlescent sheen

1

I*

† Light fast but affected by acids

-

A**

MSDS

In paints, it is used mostly to give subtle pearlescent properties to artist paints and pigments; Probably not used much as a white pigment on it's own.

Tin dioxide (tin(IV) oxide), also known as stannic oxide [Wikiipedia Ref]

Used in make-up
(not recommended due to Persistence and bioaccumulation);

Used mostly in ceramic glazes;

Used as a polishing agent for glass and metals;

* Light fast but affected by acids. Most artist oil bases are slightly acidic. If used to make oil paint, it would be wise to conduct tests with your formulation to determine suitability.

** Respiratory irritant, wear a mask when working with dry pigment.

PW18

Chalk

Aragonite [KP.p];

Alba Albula [KP.p];

Alabaster White;

Aragonite;

Bianco Carrara White Marble Dust [NP.p];

Bianco di Sangiovanni;

Bianco san Giovanni;

Biancho Secco;

Bianco Verona White Marble Dust [NP.p];

Bologna Chalk [NP.p];

Calcite [NP.p];

Calcite White [KP.p];

Calcium Carbonate;

Carrara marmor dust [KP.p];

Carrara Marble, White [KP.p];

Chalk [GEN | NP.p];

Chalk from Bologna [KP.p];

Chalk from Champagne [KP.p];

Chalk from Ruegen [KP.p];

C.I. Pigment White 18;

Coarse calcium carbonate chalk [KA];

English White;

Extra-fine calcium carbonate chalk [KA];

Gilders Gesso;

Gilders Whiting;

Grey Chalk from Sarti [SI.p];

Lime White;

Limestone;

Marble;

Marble Dust [GEN | DS.pd | EP.p | KP.p | SI.p | UT];

Marble Dust Italian [KP.p];

Marble Flour [EP.p];

Marble Flour Extra Fine [EP.p];

Marble Meal [EP.p];

Paris White;

PCD French Chalk [SI.p];

Pigment White 18;

Powdered Marble [SCH];

Saint John’s White;

Sarti Chalk Greyish [KP.p];

Stone Chalk [KP.p];

Tailor's Chalk;

Travertine;

Troy White;

Troyes White;

Veroneser White [KP.p];

Veronese White Marble[KP.p];

White Chalk [KP.p];

White Earth from Carrara [MA.o];

Whiting [GEN | GB.o.p | SI.p];

Whiting Chalk [EP.p];

Yellow Chalk from Sarti [SI.p]

77220 +

77713

Inorganic; Natural Calcium carbonate with Magnesium carbonate as an impurity;

Making pigments: lime white at webexhibits.org

CAS 471-34-1

White to cream/blue/gray off white

1-4*

I

15-20

A

MSDS

Can be affected by acids;

Generally used as extender, thickener, matting agent in artist paints and to add tooth to traditional gesso and acrylic gesso and primers;

Used as a base for some lake pigments

Used to neutralize acids in artist papers and painting conservation;

Added to watercolors to make Gouache in artist, designer and illustrator paints.

Used to make watercolor gouache paints matte and more opaque, but usually not indicated on the art suppliers literature;

Used in making pastels and other colored chalks and drawing sticks;

Promotes thru drying and other claimed benefits to an oil paint film,

see Calsite Sun Oil and Chalk Putty. More info on Calsite mediums from NP. ;

Added to lead white to make the soft translucent mixing white Ceruse (Ref);

Marble (chalk) in solid form is used for sculpture, pottery, architecture and many other arts.

* Opaque in water media, but nearly transparent in oil Binder.;

PW18

Precipitated Chalk

Calcium Carbonate [KP.p];

Calcium Carbonate Coarse [KA.p];

Calcium Carbonate CP;

Calcium Carbonate Extra fine [KA.p];

Calcium Carbonate (precipitated chalk) [GU];

Calcium carbonate (USP);

Calcium monocarbonate;

Calcium trioxidocarbonate;

C.I. Pigment White 18;

Pigment White 18;

Levigated chalk;

Precipitated Chalk [DS.pd].

Also all the names above for natural chalk are often used.

77220

Pure Calcium Carbonate;

CAS 471-34-1

White

1-4*

I

55

A

MSDS

See above for artist uses.

PW18:1

Dolomite

Ankerite;

Aragonite;

Calcite;

C.I. Pigment White 18:1;

Dolomite [KP.p];

Dolomitic Limestone;

Egyptian Dolomite;

Huntite;

Magnacite;

Pearl Spar;

Pigment White 18:1;

Spanish White [KP.p];

Sugar Dolomite [KP.p];

77220:1 +

77713:1

Inorganic;

Natural Calcium carbonate with Magnesium carbonate;

Mineral (Ref); (Ref); (Ref);

As pigment (Ref);

Making pigments: lime white at webexhibits.org

CAS 7000-29-5;

CAS 546-93-0

White to pale pink to yellowish white

1-4*

I

12 –14

A

MSDS

* Nearly transparent extender in oils

PW19

Kaolin

Aluminum Silicate Hydroxide;

Argilla;

Bentone;

Bentonite [KP.p];

Bolus Alba;

Brick Dust;

Caolin;

China Clay [DS.pd; KP.p];

China clay, kaolin [KA];

C.I. Pigment White 19;

Devonshire Clay;

Electros;

English Caolin;

Hydrated Aluminium Silicate

Kaolin [GU];

Kaolinite;

Natural White Earth [KP.p];

Neokaolin;

Organoclay [NP.p];

Paper Clay;

Pipe Clay;

Pyrophyllite;

Pigment White 19;

Porcelain Clay;

Supreme White;

Vicenza Earth [NP.p];

White Bole;

White Bolus;

White Heart;

White Kaolinite [NP.p];

77004

77005

Inorganic;

White Clay Rock, mostly natural hydrated Aluminium Silicate with Impurities of Magnesium, Iron carbonates, Ferric hydroxide, Mica, Quartz-sand, etc. (Ref Colorindex 3rd Ed., V.4, Inorganic colourants CI 77004)

Kaolin (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO Art Materials Database);

*** Organoclay is a derivative of a bentonite.

CAS 8047-76-5

Bright White; can have blue, green, red, orange or brown undertones*

1-4**

I

26 - 55***

A

MSDS

MSDS

ICSC

* Calcined Kaolin produces whiter shades.;

** Opacity depends on manufacture, binder and other mineral properties.;

*** Oil absorption varies some by manufacture method & particle size. Purity and other natural mineral properties may have some effects.

see inert pigments

PW20

Mica

Biotite;

C.I. Pigment White 20;

Fine Mica [GU];

Gold Coarse Mica [GU];

Glimmer White;

Interference Blue [OH.a?*];

Interference Green [OH.a?*];

Interference Lilac [OH.a?*];

Interference Red [OH.a?*];

Iridescent Pearl White [WL.o];

Iridescent White [MA.p];

Lepidolite;

Metallic White [HO.ag];

Mica [GEN];

Mica Powder [SI.p];

Mica Titanate;

Mica White [KP.p];

Moon White [MA.o(HD)];

Mother Of Pearl [TA.a];

Muscovite;

Muscovite Mica [KP.p];

Muscovite Mica, brilliant [KP.p];

Muscovy Glass;

Natural Mica, Pearlescent Powder [KA.p];

Pearl Blue [HO.a];

Pearl Lustre;

Pearl White [HO.a.g];

Pearlescent White;

Phlogopite;

Pink Mica [GU];

Pigment White 20;

Russet;

Silver [HO.w];

Stardust Blue [MA.o(HD)?*];

Stardust Purple [MA.o(HD)?*];

Super Sparkle White Mica Powder [EP.p];

Titanated Mica;

White Coarse Mica [GU];

White Fine Mica [GU];

White Medium Mica [GU];

White Muscovite;

Zinnwaldite;

Also many colors with Iridescent, Pearl, or Metallic prefix or suffix.

77019

Inorganic;

Hydrous Aluminium Potassium Silicate;

Mica Titanate (micronized mica flakes);

"a type of natural quartz, which occurs in the form of compressed thin sheets or plates that divide easily" (Ref THE ARTIST’S HANDBOOK by Pip Seymour);

H₂KA_l3(SiO₄)₃

CAS 12001-26-2

Translucent pearlescent or shimmering off-white

4

I

45-50

A

MSDS

Adds metallic, iridescent and pearlescent properties to paints.;

Natural Mica and larger particles may harm oil paint film, very fine particles and micronized Mica Titanate is more suitable for oil (Ref).

?* may have small amount of other pigment added for tint.

PW21

Barium Sulfate

(Synthetic)

Artificial Barite;

Barite [NP.p];

Barium Sulfate [KA];

Barium White;

Baryta White;

Blanc Fixe [KP.p | SCH];

C.I. Pigment White 21;

Constant White;

Hepatite;

Italian Gesso [NP.p];

Permalba;

Pigment White 21;

Pigment White 22 (natural);

Precipitated Barium Sulphate;

Sulfate de Baryum;

Sulfato de Bario;

Synthetic Barium Sulfate;

Tyrol White

77120

Inorganic;

Synthetic Barium Sulfate:

used as a white pigment, more often as as an extender or adulterant.

The natural mineral baryte is roasted with coal, burning off the carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. The product is then dissolved in water and filtered. The pure barium sulfate can then be precipitated out with sodium sulfate. (Ref Pigment Compendium, by Nicholas Eastaugh, Valentine Walsh, Tracey Chaplin and Ruth Siddall, Copyright © 2008, p.44-45);

Barium Sulfate (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO Art material Database);

CAS 7727-43-7

White

2-3*

I

15-25

A**

ICSC

*Used as an filler, extender, to improve handling, increase opacity (in watercolor and gouache), and/or adulterant in oil colors.;

Barium Sulfate or Blanc Fix is very heavy and when used in paints may make the tube feel heavy. Because of that it is often used to adulterate Lead White, or added to paints as a adulterant filler simulating a high pigment load (Ref THE ARTIST’S HANDBOOK by Pip Seymour);

Used as a base for more opaque lake pigments;

** Pure Barium Sulfate is not soluble so it is safe, but poorly made synthetic Barium Sulfate may have free soluble barium compounds as impurities that are very poisonous (Ref). I Recommend only getting from a reliable source.

see inert pigments

PW22

Barytes

(Natural Barium Sulfate)

Barita (Esp.);

Barite (Fr., Port.) [NP.p];

Baritina (Esp.);

Barium sulfate;

Barium white;

Barus (Gr.);

Baryt (Deut., Pol., Sven.);

Baryta;

Baryta White;

Baryte;

Barytes;

Barytine;

Basofor;

Bologna Stone;

Bolognian Spar;

Bologna white;

C.I. Pigment White 22;

Calk;

Cauk;

Cawk;

Desert Rose;

Heavy Spar;

Mineral White;

Natural Barium Sulfate;

Pigment White 21;

Pigment White 22;

Ponderous Spar;

Schwerspat (Deut.);

Sulfate de Baryum;

Sulfato de Bario;

Tiff;

Tyrol white

Also see Pigment White 21 above

77120

Inorganic;

Natural Barium Sulfate: Usually white or off white, impurities may tint it a wide variety of colors. (Ref Pigment Compendium, by Nicholas Eastaugh, Valentine Walsh, Tracey Chaplin and Ruth Siddall, Copyright © 2008, p.46);

Natural Barium Sulfate Ore (Pigment White 22) (Ref: Natural Pigments);

Barite (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO Materials Database);

CAS 7727-43-7

White to off white

2-3*

I

11

A**

Used as an filler, extender, to improve handling, increase opacity (in watercolor and gouache), and/or adulterant in oil colors. Also used as a base for more opaque lake pigments;

Barium Sulfate or Blanc Fix is very heavy and when used in paints may make the tube feel heavy. Because of that it is often used to adulterate Lead White, or added to paints as a adulterant filler simulating a high pigment load (Ref THE ARTIST’S HANDBOOK by Pip Seymour);

** Barium Sulfate is not soluble so it is safe, but poorly made Barium Sulfate, or raw natural Barium Sulfate may have impurities or free soluble barium compounds that are very poisonous (Ref)

PW23

Alumina Blanc Fixe

Alum;

Alumina Blanc Fixe;

Aluminium Hydrate;

Blancopone;

C.I. Pigment White 23;

Gloss White;

Pigment White 23

77122

Aluminum hydrate, Barium sulfate;

Co-precipitate of about. 25% aluminium hydroxide and 75% barium sulfate (Ref Color index 3rd Ed., V.4, Inorganic colorants, chemical constitution number CI 77122)

used as “clear oil colour” (Ref Color Index Third Ed)

White Crystalline Powder

1-4*

I

-

A**

ICSC

Used as an filler, extender, to improve handling, and/or adulterant in oil colors. Also used as a base for lake pigments;

* Depends on binder or medium, opaque to semi-opaque in water colors, nearly transparent in oil paints

** Barium Sulfate is not soluble so it is safe, but poorly made Barium Sulfate may have free soluble barium compounds that are very poisonous (Ref)

PW24

Aluminium Hydroxide

Alumina;

Alumina Hydrate [KA.p];

Alumina Trihydrate;

Aluminum Hydrate;

Aluminum Hydrate White;

Aluminum Hydroxide¹;

Aluminum Hydroxide Fine [KP.p];

Aluminum Hydroxide Medium [KP.p];

Aluminum Oxide Trihydrate;

Aluminum Trihydrate [NP.p];

Aluminum White;

C.I. Pigment White 24;

Gloss White;

Hydrated Alumina;

Hydrated Aluminum Oxide;

Transparent Blender [DS.o];

Transparent White;

Trihydroxyaluminum;

Alumina White;

Pigment White 24

77002

Aluminum Hydroxide can have varying amounts of basic aluminium sulfate (Ref Colorindex 3rd Ed., V.4, Inorganic colourants CI 77002);

Alumina Trihydrate (Ref at Boston Fine Arts CAMEO Database);

Aluminum hydroxide, is a metallic salt and soap of aluminum.

CAS 21645-51-2

Translucent White powder*

3-4**

I

33-55***

A

MSDS

ICSC¹

*see inert pigments

**Transparent in oils

*** Oil absorption depends on particle size

One of the most common metallic bases for precipitating dyes to make lake pigments (Ref wikipedia).

Often used as a filler, extender and adulterant to increase volume of a paint or pigment. Used this way it lowers the tinting strength of the mixed pigment. In the case of very strong colors like the Pthalo's it is not considered an adulterant, it is also added in small amounts to improve paint handling.

Very often it is used to greatly extend pigments in cheaper paints and pigments where it is considered an adulterant. Overuse may cause some yellowing and darkening in oil paints. (Ref The Artist's Handbook by Pip Seymour); (Ref The Artist's Handbook by Ralph Mayer)

PW24

Gibbsite (Natural form of Aluminum Hydroxide)

Aluminum Hydroxide;

Bayerite;

Boehmite;

C.I. Pigment White 24;

Diaspore;

Doyleite;

Gibbsite;

Hydrargillite;

Natural Aluminum Hydroxide;

Nordstrandite

Pigment White 24

-

Natural Aluminum Hydroxide with varying amounts of basic aluminium sulfate

CAS 21645-51-2

Brown tinted Translucent Flakes

4

I

33

A

Can be used the same as Aluminum Hydroxide, but may could have impurities and be more opaque or off color in artist paints.

PW25

Gypsum

Anhydrous sulfate of lime**;

Alabastar [NP.p];

Alabaster Gypsum;

Alabaster White [KP.p];

Albarine;

Annalin**;

Atlas Spar;

Bologna White;

C.I. Pigment White 25;

Crown Filler;

Gesso;

Gypsum;

Lady's Ice;

Light Spar;

Mineral White;

Magnesia White?;

Native Calcium Sulfate;

Natural Gypsum;

Natural Calcium Sulfate;

Natural Sulfate of Lime;

Pigment White 25;

Plaster of Paris**;

Precipitated Calcium Sulfate;

Puritan Filler;

Satin Spar;

Silk Spar;

Selenite;

Specular Stone;

Sulfate of Lime;

Terra Alba [DS.pd; KP.p | NP.p];

77231

Inorganic;

Hydrated calcium sulfate (Ref); (Gypsum Ref at Boston Fine Arts); (Alabaster Ref at Boston Fine Arts);

CAS 91315-45-6

CAS 10101-14-4

** Anhydrous form of calcium sulfate or calcined gypsum

White

1-3*

I

18-22

A

*Nearly transparent in oils used as an extender, filler and/or adulterant;

Used in traditional artists gesso.;

May make brittle gesso? (Ref);

High quality pure Calcium Sulfate Terra Alba available from Natural Pigments.

Alabaster Natural Hydrated Calcium Sulfate also from Natural Pigments

PW26

Talc

Agalite;

Alberene® Soapstone;

Asbestine;

C.I. Pigment White 26;

French Chalk [DS.pd];

Lard Stone;

Mistron®;

Nicron®;

Pigment White 26;

Pot Stone;

Steatite;

Soapstone;

Spanish Chalk;

Tailors Chalk;

Tak;

Talc [GU | KA.p];

Talcum [SCH];

Talcum Powder [SI.p];

Talcum White [KP.p];

Talk;

Vertal;

77718 +

77019

Inorganic;

Mixed Hydrated Silicate of Magnesium with varying impurities of Calcium, Iron and other compounds;

Hydrated Magnesium Silicate (Ref Boston Fine Arts);

CAS 14807-96-6

CAS 8005-37-6

Slightly off white to light grey

1-3*

I

30 - 45

A

MSDS

ICSC

*Nearly transparent in oils used as an extender, filler and to change rheological properties of paints

PW27

Amorphous Silica

Pigment White 27;

Silica;

Sand;

Quartz

77811

Inorganic; Silica
CAS 7631-86-9

White to off white transparent crystals

4

N/A

20 - 50

A

Filler;

Flatting agent;

Usually added to paints or grounds for tooth or texture.

PW27

Silica

C.I. Pigment White 27;

Cristobalite Powder [KP.p];

Diatomaceous Earth [GU];

Diatomaceous Silica;

Diatomic Earth;

Diatomite;

Fossil Flower;

Fuller's Earth;

Infusorial Earth;

Microdol;

Mountain Crystal [KP.p];

Pigment White 27;

Precipitated amorphous silica;

Rock Crystal [KP.p];

Silica;

Silicon Dioxide;

Sand;

Tripoli;

Quartz;

Quartz Powder [KP.p];

Tripolite;

77811

Inorganic;

Two types:

Hydrous = diatomaceous earth;

Anhydrous = silica

(Ref Color Index Third Ed);

Silicon Dioxide (amorphous) or anhydrous silica is pure chemical form;

Natural Diatomaceous Earth is the Hydrous form made up of the fossilized skeletal remains of aquatic plants called diatoms (Ref);

CAS 7631-86-9

White to off white

1-4*

I

L

A

Used mostly to add tooth or texture; *Transparency depends on binder and particle size, also the crystalline structure.

PW27

Fumed Silica

AERODISP®;

AEROSIL®;

CAB-O-SIL®;

Dry Water*;

Fumed Silica [KA.p | NP.p];

Fumed Silica Gel;

Fumed Quartz;

Nanospheres;

PERFORM-O-SIL;

Pigment White 27;

PROFUSIL (Fumed Silica);

Pyrogenic Silica

77811

Inorganic; Silicon Dioxide; (Ref);
CAS 69012-64-2

White Translucent Powder

4

N/A

150 - 300

A**

Used to alter Rheology of artist paints, printing inks and industrial coatings,; (Ref);

Used in thixotropic gel mediums for artists paints;

viscosity stabilizer;

emulsifier;
Filler;

Flatting agent;

Anti-caking agent;

Prevents pigment flocculation.;

* water encapsulated in fumed silica,;

** Wear respirator until combined with oil when grinding oil paints.

PW28

Calcium Silicate

Anhydrite;

Calcium Silicate;

Calcium Metasilicate;

C.I. Pigment White 28;

Baysical K;

Pigment White 28;

Wollastonite (mineral)

77230

Inorganic;

Calcium Metasilicate;

Calcium Silicate;

CAS 10101-39-0;

CAS 10101-41-4;

CAS 13397-24-5;

CAS 26499-65-0;

CAS 7778-18-9

White to light cream

2-3*

I

M

A

*Depends on binder and particle size

PW28

Hydrated Calcium Silicate

C.I. Pigment White 28;

Hydrated Calcium Silicate;

Pigment White 28;

77230

Inorganic;

Hydrated Calcium Silicate

Bright White

4

I

H

A

-